Electrical Switches Technical Information

Electrical switches—such as joysticks, toggles, and light switches—are widely used in industrial applications to control the flow of electricity. By opening or closing circuits, switches turn devices on or off. When a switch is in the ON position, the circuit is complete and electricity flows, powering the device. For example, flipping a light switch upward completes the circuit and turns the light on; flipping it downward breaks the circuit, cutting off power and turning the light off.

Pole

Indicates the number of separate circuits a switch can control simultaneously. A single-pole switch operates one circuit, typically used for simple, single-function devices like a lamp with one lightbulb.

Throw

Refers to the number of output positions a switch can connect to. A single-throw switch controls one output, simply opening or closing a circuit. A double-throw switch connects a circuit to one of two outputs, allowing it to alternate between two different electrical paths.

Momentary

A momentary switch stays in the ON or OFF position only while being pressed or activated. Once released, a spring-loaded mechanism returns it to its default state, breaking or completing the circuit temporarily.

Open

An open switch means the circuit is incomplete, preventing the flow of electricity. This can result from a blown fuse, tripped circuit breaker, or loose or disconnected wires.

Closed

A closed switch completes the circuit, allowing electricity to flow. The internal contacts are connected, enabling continuous power to the device.

Single Pole, Single Throw (SPST)

The simplest type of electrical switch, featuring one pole and one throw. It controls a single circuit and operates in two positions—ON or OFF.

Single Pole, Double Throw (SPDT)

This switch has one input and two outputs, allowing it to route power to one of two circuits (e.g., Circuit A or B). It can be wired as ON-OFF-ON or ON-ON, depending on the application.

Double Pole, Single Throw (DPST)

Combines two independent SPST switches controlled by a single actuator (e.g., toggle or push button). Both circuits switch ON or OFF simultaneously.

Double Pole, Double Throw (DPDT)

Combines two SPDT switches operated by a single actuator. Each pole controls its own circuit, allowing current to be directed to one of two paths per pole—ideal for reversing polarity or switching between two sources.

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